b站What Is Hurricane Storm Surge, and Why Can It Be So Catastrophic?_我的网站
A | 8 月 25 日消息，科技媒体 Wccftech 昨日（8 月 24 日）发布博文，报道称英特尔披露了 Wildcat Lake（酷睿 Series 3）系列处理器的相关细节。 By Anthony C. Didlake Jr. Of all the hazards that hurricanes bring, storm surge is the greatest threat to life and property along the coast. It can sweep homes off their foundations, flood riverside communities miles inland, and break up dunes and levees that normally protect coastal areas against storms. As a hurricane reaches the coast, it pushes a huge volume of ocean water ashore. This is what we call storm surge. This surge appears as a gradual rise in the water level as the storm approaches. Depending on the size and track of the hurricane, storm surge flooding can last for several hours. It then recedes after the storm passes. Water level heights during a hurricane can reach 20 feet or more above normal sea level. With powerful waves on top of it, a hurricane’s storm surge can cause catastrophic damage. What determines how high storm surge gets?Storm surge begins over the open ocean. The strong winds of a hurricane push the ocean waters around and cause water to pile up under the storm. The low air pressure of the storm also plays a small role in lifting the water level. The height and extent of this pile of water depend on the strength and size of the hurricane. As this pile of water moves toward the coast, other factors can change its height and extent. If a coastal area has a sea floor that gently slopes away from the coastline, it’s more likely to see a higher storm surge than an area with a steeper drop-off. Gentle slopes along the Louisiana and Texas coasts have contributed to some devastating storm surges. Hurricane Katrina’s surge in 2005 broke levees and flooded New Orleans. Hurricane Ike’s 15- to 17-foot storm surge and waves swept hundreds of homes off Texas’ Bolivar Peninsula in 2008. Both were large, powerful storms that hit in vulnerable locations. The shape of the coastline can also shape the surge. When storm surge enters a bay or river, the geography of the land can act as a funnel, sending the water even higher. Other factors that shape storm surgeOcean tides – caused by the gravity of the moon and sun – can also strengthen or weaken the impact of storm surge. So, it’s important to know the timing of the local tides compared to the hurricane landfall. At high tide, the water is already at an elevated height. If landfall happens at high tide, the storm surge will cause even higher water levels and bring more water further inland. The Carolinas saw those effects when Hurricane Isaias hit at close to high tide on Aug. 3, 2020. Isaias brought a storm surge of about 4 feet at Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, but the water level was more than 10 feet above normal. How storm surge and high tide add up to coastal flooding.(The COMET Program/UCAR and National Weather Service) Sea level rise is another growing concern that influences storm surge. As water warms, it expands, and that has slowly raised sea level over the past century as global temperatures have risen. Freshwater from melting of ice sheets and glaciers also adds to sea level rise. Together, they elevate the background ocean height. When a hurricane arrives, the higher ocean means storm surge can bring water further inland, to a more dangerous and widespread effect. 。定位方面，英特尔 Wildcat Lake 主要面向入门级 PC，保留 Panther Lake 的基础架构，并通过封装、Die 面积、I/O 配置和优化主板设计降低平台成本。
B | 性能方面，Wildcat Lake 最高提供 40 TOPS 的平台 AI 算力，最高可达到 Raptor Lake U Refresh（酷睿 100 系列）的 2.7 倍；创作与生产力性能最高提升 2.1 倍，处理器功耗降低 64%。封装方案上，英特尔为降低封装成本和良率损失，Wildcat Lake 没有沿用 Panther Lake（酷睿 Ultra Series 3）的 Foveros 方案，改为使用有机多芯片封装（Multi-Chip Package，MCP）和 UCIe（Universal Chiplet Interconnect Express）方案。其中有机多芯片封装是一种将多个功能不同的裸芯片（Die）垂直堆叠或水平排列，共同封装在同一个有机基质载板（Organic Substrate）上的先进封装技术。而 UCIe 是半导体行业内的一个开源、标准化的芯粒（Chiplet）互连规范，定义了同一个封装内部（On-Package）不同芯片之间的通信标准，旨在打破过去的壁垒，让来自不同厂商、采用不同晶圆工艺节点的芯片能够像拼乐高积木一样，无缝地组装和协同工作。英特尔 Wildcat Lake 的计算 Die 采用 18A 工艺，I/O Die 采用台积电 N6 工艺。18A 支持双裸片方案的 UCIe 连接。这一变化也带来代价。UCIe 的凸点间距为 110 微米，Foveros 为 36 微米。更大的间距要求更高的 GT/s 速率，并扩大 I/O 与控制器区域，让 Wildcat Lake 的 UCIe Die 间接口面积比 Foveros 方案大 70%。与 Panther Lake 相比，Wildcat Lake 的计算 Die 面积缩小 38%。
C | 具体变化包括：Xe 图形核心最多 2 个，Panther Lake 为 4 个；保留用于 AI 的 XMX，取消光线追踪功能。NPU 减至最多 1 个，NPU 算力为 17 TOPS，平台总算力为 40 TOPS；Panther Lake 平台为 53 TOPS，NPU 为 3 个。P-Core 减至最多 2 个，Panther Lake 为 4 个；保留相同单线程性能，末级缓存从 12MB 减至 6MB。取消 IPU（图像处理单元）和用于摄像头的 USB 2 ISP。取消专业媒体功能。LP5 内存位宽从 128 位降至 64 位，系统缓存从 4MB 减至 2MB。显示管线最多 3 条，Panther Lake 为 4 条；保留 4K 60Hz 和 UHBR20 支持。
D | 附上相关图片如下：。 Current article:http://b1w0baq.cibianpangjujiusu.cyou/news/20260826_434750.html Published on:14:39:00 |
